Temperature - Electromotive Force (EMF) Tables for Standardized Thermocouples ¹ Table 1 ¾ Initial Limits of Error for Thermocouples           Temperature Range                    Tolerances-Reference Junction 0°C (32°F)         Standard Tolerances                          Special Tolerances Type          °C                         °F                               °C           °F                          °C           °F T 0 to 370 32 to 700 ±1.0 or ±0.75 % Note 1 ±0.5 or 0.4 % Note 1 J 0 to 760 32 to1400 ±2.2 or ±0.75 % ±1.1 or 0.4 % E 0 to 870 32 to1600 ±1.7 or ±0.5 % ±1.0 or ±0.4 % K or N 0 to 1260 32 to 2300 ±2.2 or ±0.75 % ±1.1 or ±0.4 % R or S 0 to 1480 32 to 2700 ±1.5 or ±0.25 % ±0.6 or ±0.1 % B 870 to 1700 1600 to 3100 ±0.5 % ±0.25 % T^A -200 to 0 -328 to 32 ±1.0 or ±1.5 % B E^A -200 to 0 -328 to 32 ±1.7 or 1 % B K^A -200 to 0 -328 to 32 ±2.2 or ±2 % B A If materials are required to meet the tolerances stated for temperatures below 0°C the purchase order must so state. B Special tolerances for temperatures below 0°C are difficult to justify, values for Type E and T thermocouples are suggested as a guide.           Type E -200 to 0°C  ±1°C or ±0.5 %              Type T -200 to 0°C  ±0.5°C or ±0.8 % Note 1 ¾ The Fahrenheit tolerance is 1.8 times larger than the °C tolerance at the equivalent °C temperature. Note particularly that percentage tolerance apply only to temperature that are expressed in °C Table 2 ¾ Recommended Upper Temperature Limits for Protected Thermocouples Upper Temperature limit for Various Wire Gage Sizes (Awg). °C (°F) Type                    8 Gage                14 Gage               20 Gage       24 Gage              28 Gage      30 Gage T 370 (700) 260 (500) 200 (400) 200 (400) 150 (300) J 760 (1400) 590 (1100) 480 (900) 370 (700) 370 (700) 320 (600) E 870 (1600) 650 (1200) 540 (1000) 430 (800) 430 (800) 370 (700) K and N 1260 (2300) 1090 (2000) 980 (1800) 870 (1600) 870 (1600) 760 (1400) R and S 1480 (2700) 1480 (2700) B 1700 (3100) 1700 (3100) Page 1                                                           List of Tables Following is a list of the thermocouple tables included in this reference manual. Table Type Range 1                 Limits of error 2 Recommended upper temperature limits for protected thermocouples 3 B 0 to 1820 °C 4 B 32 to 3308 °F 5 E -270 to 1000 °C 6 E -454 to 1832 °F 7 J -210 to 1200 °C 8 J -346 to 2192 °F 9 K -270 to 1372 °C 10 K -454 to 2500 °F 11 N -270 to 1300 °C 12 N -454 to 2372 °F 13 R -50 to 1768 °C 14 R -58 to 3214 °F 15 S -50 to 1768 °C 16 S -58 to 3214 °F 17 T -270 to 400 °C 18 T -454 to 752 °F This    reference    manual    consists    of    reference tables that give temperature-electromotive force (emf) relationships   for   Types   B,   E,   J,   K,   R,   S,   and   T thermocouples.  These are the thermocouple types most commonly used in industry.   These  tables  give  emf  values  to  three  decimal places (1 uV) for each degree of temperature.  Such tables are satisfactory for most industrial uses but may   not   be   adequate   for   computer   and   similar applications.      If   greater   precision   is   required,   the reader   should   refer   to   the   NIST   reference   noted below which also includes tables giving emf values to four decimal places (0.1 uV) as well as equations which   permit   easy   and   unique   generation   of   the temperature-emf relationship. ¹ All   temperature   -   electromotive   force   data   in Tables     3 to 18 have been extracted from “Temperature-Electromotive Force Reference Functions    and    Tables    for    the    Letter-Designated Thermocouple Types Based on the ITS-90”  National Institute   of   Standards   and   Technology   Monograph 175.